USAToday-25年来旅行方式的25个改变(第23期)

从在线订房、电子客票的兴起到他们突破美国运输安全管理局(TSA)的审查,旅行方式在过去25年里有了引人注目的改变。

The USA TODAY 编辑摘取了25项改变我们旅行方式的事件。

1在线订票(Online booking)

Computer
geeks with an affinity for alphabet-soup fare codes could access flight
information as early as the mid-1980s. But PC Travel’s nationwide debut
in 1994 helped jump-start the growth of online booking sites such as
Travelocity, Expedia, Orbitz and dozens of others — including Priceline
and its revolutionary “name your own price” concept. This year,
Internet sales will represent more than half of all travel bookings.

Tim Dillon, USA TODAY

2机场安监(TSA airport security)

911后,美国运输安全局(the Transportation Security Administration)彻底的改变了手提行李的规章。而今乘客们必须光着脚丫,脱掉外套,拿着透明的包包排队。

3电子客票(Airline e-tickets)

无票乘机早在1995年西南航空通过他在机场的电脑系统开始出售无纸机票时就开始了。而华盛顿州的一家人在1995年12月通过互联网购买了阿拉斯加航空公司的第一张无纸机票。

4拉杆行李箱(Roll-aboard luggage)

1987年为了解决行李的问题,西南航空的飞行员罗伯特普拉斯(Robert Plath)在其下面装了轮子和一个可拉开的手把,由此创造了第一个带轮垂直拉杆的行李箱。
开始仅用于航空公司,1991年后开始他将Travelpro Rollaboard 投放大众市场。

5禁烟航班(Smoke-free flights)

1988年,作为美国首大航空公司的西南航空第一个在其北美航线上禁烟。与此同时,联邦法律也出台航班至少两小时的禁烟规定。1995年,德尔塔(Delta)航空也第一次全线禁烟。

Handout

6连锁旅店(Boutique hotel chains)

1983年,比尔·金普顿(Bill Kimpton)在旧金山开了第二个酒店,成为美国第一个酒店连锁集团。金普顿酒店(Kimpton Hotels)在其从中档到低档的酒店中提倡时尚品味、私人服务和个性设计。

Jack Gruber, USA TODAY

7机场购物街(Airports as malls)

1992年,匹兹堡机场率先提倡一种革命性的理念:在其商店和旅馆中保持市场价格。这导致大型连锁店的出现和美国机场的商场化(mallification)。

8印第安式赌场(Indian casinos)

曾被认为是犯罪分子洗钱场所的赌场(casinos),但在1988年后联邦法律批准这种印第安游戏在保护区和部落保留地开设,使其风靡全美,在全国28个州的562个部落中,有40%的部落都开设了赌场。

Handout

9车载导航系统(GPS car-navigation systems)

我们曾迷路了,但现在我们找到了。感谢这个东西,这个从20世纪90年代开始在车主中流行的设备。通过美国卫星信号,它成为众多犯迷的旅行者们的道路指引。

10自助售票亭(Self-service ticketing kiosks)

1994年,自助售票亭才在机场首现,虽然早在1979年西南航空已经拥有了这种自助机器。

Pierre Verdy, AFP/Getty

11空客的庞大机型A380(Airbus A380 Super Jumbo)

今年出现的这个可容纳853人的庞然大物,结束了波音747占据全球最大客机市场38年的历史。

12航线共享数据(Airline code-sharing)

让某航空公司可以卖其合作者的飞机座位 ,始于20世纪80年代。其结果是,乘客可以定买他最便利的航空公司的机票,甚至是某一航空公司的常客却从未座过这个公司的一个航班。

Handout

13椅背娱乐系统(Seat-back entertainment systems)

当1988年西南航空首测它的座椅视频系统时,这促发了椅背娱乐的竞争,其后又推出了视频点播和电视直播。

14效益管理(Yield management)

当乘客发现邻座的机票比他便宜一半时,效益管理(Yield management)对他来说简直是太可恶了。由美国航空在上世纪80年代发展起来的效益管理现代被航空公司、酒店和汽车租赁公司普遍采纳。它就是根据不同的需求影响因素及时的调整产品价格。

George Frey, Bloomberg News

15拉斯维加斯Mirage酒店(The Mirage, Las Vegas)

1989年在Steve Wynn开张那个6.3亿美元投资拥有3049套房的Mirage酒店时(加州沙漠的第一个大酒店),拉斯维加斯的旅游业还很萧条。它复苏了这个罪恶之城(Sin City)并促使拉斯维加斯成为美国最值得观光的城市。

16Westin的舒适床(Westin’s Heavenly Bed)

Westin
Hotels scored an overnight sensation in 1999 when it introduced the
pillow-top mattress shrouded in three high-thread-count cotton sheets
and topped with a down blanket, duvet, comforter and five goose-feather
pillows. Other major lodging chains soon beefed up their own boudoirs.

17旅行顾问(Trip Advisor)

Tens
of millions of consumers got to voice their views on where to stay and
what to do after TripAdvisor created its Internet forum in 2000. The
website set the standard for user reviews of hotels, restaurants and
attractions.

18无饭航班(Flights without meals)

Airline
passengers suddenly faced in-flight hunger pangs when on Sept. 14,
2001, America West said it would stop serving meals because of 9/11
security measures. Others soon eliminated free coach-class meals to
save costs.

Handout

19海洋的统治者(Sovereign of the Seas)

Royal
Caribbean reinvented the cruise business in 1988 with the launch of
what is often billed as the world’s first mega-ship. It featured
unprecedented resort-like amenities and carried a then-astounding 2,852
passengers.

20低价航线的崛起(Ascent of low-cost airlines)

The
low-cost concept, with its simple fare structure, single passenger
class, limited in-flight service and use of secondary airports, soared
when Southwest Airlines expanded nationwide in the early 1990s.
Low-cost carriers now fly worldwide.

21里程信用卡(Affinity credit cards)

American
Airlines and Citibank revolutionized the way we earn miles in 1987 with
the first mile-earning credit card. The basic concept, 1 mile for every
dollar charged, still is the rule. It allowed even non-!frequent fliers
to accrue miles.

Al Behrman, AP

22高科技的过山车(High-tech roller coasters)

The
inverted coaster, pioneered at Six Flags Great America in 1992,
literally turned theme parks’ biggest attractions upside down — and
spawned a new generation of !stomach-churning scream machines.

23玛丽二世女王号(Queen Mary 2)

The
age of grand ocean liners was over. Or so people thought before Cunard
brazenly (and successfully) launched the 2,592-passenger Queen Mary 2,
the largest, tallest and longest ocean liner ever, in 2004.

24飞床(Flying beds)

Air
France introduced the first 180-degree flat-bed seats in its
first-class compartments in 1995. Four years later, British Airways was
the first airline to install beds in business class.

Mike Tsukamoto, USA TODAY

25商用超音速旅行的终结(End of commerical supersonic travel)

Doomed
by high fuel costs and environmental opposition, the Concorde made its
last flight in 2003 after more than three decades of service. It
remains an icon of aviation design and engineering.

USAToday-25年来最具影响的25部电影(第15期)

USAToday评出的25部好莱坞电影,可惜有些都没有听过,但大部分呢还是看过的。

The Lord of the Rings

Christopher Guard(voice) / William Squire(voice) / Michael Scholes(voice) / John Hurt(voice) / Norman Bird(voice) / USA / Ralph Bakshi / English / Sindarin

New Line Cinema risked it all by entrusting low-profile New Zealander Peter Jackson with the audacious task of spinning Tolkien’s dense literary fantasy into cinema gold. The result: 17 Oscars, a box-office gross of $3 billion worldwide and the birth of two superstars — one virtual (Gollum) and one pointy-eared (Orlando Bloom).

新线公司把宝压在了低调的新西兰人彼得杰克逊身上,经过他大胆的工作让托尔金这部充满文学幻想的著作成了最值钱的电影,结果是获得了7项奥斯卡奖、3部影片全球总票房近30亿美元、捧红了精灵奥兰多·布鲁姆和尖耳朵的“格鲁姆”

Toy Story

Tom Hanks / Tim Allen / Don Rickles / 美国 / John Lasseter / 英语 / 西班牙语

Pixar pioneers Buzz and Woody took the feature-animation genre that Disney created with 1937’s Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs and blasted it into the digital future with a cutting-edge combo of heartfelt wit and computerized wonder. Now, nearly every studio does 3-D cartoons. Just not as well.

皮克斯先锋Buzz和Woody接手了靠1937年《白雪公主和七个小矮人》立身的迪尼斯公司的动画片的制作, 依靠将尖端技术与创意的融合造就了电脑奇观,并将动画带入了未来的数码世界。现在,几乎每一个工作室都在做三维动画。只是好的作品不多。

Pulp Fiction

Tim Roth / Amanda Plumme / Laura Lovelace / John Travolta / 美国 / Quentin Tarantino / 英文

B-movie fanatic Quentin Tarantino crammed guns, drugs, molls and a killer John Travolta into a post-mod Molotov cocktail of a plot while slicing the action into shuffled fragments. And writers are still ripping off his narrative.

B级片痴昆丁将枪、毒品、情妇和杀手约翰屈伏塔填塞进充满后现代燃烧弹味的情节里,而又把情节撕碎。与此同时,作者却依旧编造着他的故事。

Do the Right Thing

美国 / 斯派克 李 (Spike Lee)

Spike Lee earned the title of America’s most influential black filmmaker when he did the controversial thing, focusing on urban violence born of simmering racial tensions.The film was feared to be incendiary enough to ignite a real riot; instead it inspired a new generation of black directors.

当斯派克 李把目光投向了城市暴力——它是种族间紧张关系的爆发,制作了一部极具争议性的电影,从而赢得了美国最具影响力的黑人导演。有人曾担心影片足以煽动一场真实的暴动,然而实际上却鼓舞了新一代的黑人导演。

Titanic

Leonardo DiCaprio / Kate Winslet / 美国 / 詹姆斯·卡梅伦 (James Cameron) / English

It loomed as a titanic disaster, with delays and a budget that bloated to $200 million. Luckily, audiences were enraptured by the steamy romance between Kate Winslet and Leonardo DiCaprio, whose presence led to repeat viewings by teens.It remains king of domestic box-office grosses at $600.8 million.

它的延迟上映和接近20亿美元的预算的确近似于那场泰坦尼克号的灾难,然而幸运的是,观众被凯特温斯莱特和莱奥纳多迪卡普里奥的蒸汽浪漫强烈的吸引,小青年们也按照剧情模仿着他们的罗曼史。这部影片以高达60.08亿的收入保持着美国国内票房收入的冠军宝座。

Fatal Attraction

1987年9月11日 / Michael Douglas 迈克尔·道格拉斯 / Glenn Close / Anne Archer / 美国 / 阿德里安 莱恩 (Adrian Lyne) / 英语

A date movie for the AIDS era. A cautionary tale of a woman scorned turned psycho hit home by mixing frank sexuality and nightmarish horror, as Michael Douglas’ fling with Glenn Close endangers his family. The rare popcorn thriller deemed Oscar worthy (six nominations).

艾滋时代的约会电影。

There's Something About Mary

Cameron Diaz / Matt Dillon / Ben Stiller / 美国 / 博比 法雷利 (Bobby Farrelly) / 彼得 法雷利 (Peter Farrelly)

The PC police surrendered when those comic barons of bubbling crude, the Farrelly brothers, launched their assault on good taste. The public gladly giggled and gagged along, while Ben Stiller cemented his loser persona and the world was made safe for R-rated movies like American Pie and 40-Year-Old Virgin.

Philadelphia

Tom Hanks / Denzel Washington / 美国 / 乔纳森 德梅 (Jonathan Demme) / English

Before that rendezvous on Brokeback Mountain, straight stars Tom Hanks and Antonio Banderas were gay lovers in this groundbreaker about an AIDS-afflicted lawyer who sues over job discrimination. Hard to believe that this was the first major studio movie to deal with the disease.

Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom

Harrison Ford / Kate Capshaw / Jonathan Ke Quan / 美国 / 史蒂文 斯皮尔伯格 (Steven Spielberg)

E.T.’s glowing heart? Good. A beating heart ripped from a man’s chest? Not so much. Parents protested the intense violence found in Steven Spielberg’s PG-rated follow-up to 1981’s Raiders of the Lost Ark. In response, the Motion Picture Association of America established the PG-13 rating.

Batman

Michael Keaton, Jack Nicholson, Kim Basinger, Jack Palance, Jerry Hall / 英国 / 美国 / 蒂姆 伯顿 (Tim Burton)

Superman came first in 1978. But director Tim Burton’s neo-gothic caped crusader was a distinctly adult version of a comic-book thriller.Batman’s brooding cool made it safe for a Joker like Jack Nicholson to cavort in a costume caper, and the film’s dark vision has influenced nearly every cinematic superhero since.

1978年超人第一次出现。但导演Tim Burton的新哥特式披风改革很明显是成人版的连环画。

The Cable Guy

Jim Carrey / 美国 / 本 斯蒂勒 (Ben Stiller)

Audiences rejected it. Critics jeered it. But Jim Carrey’s nasty black comedy became infamous as the film to break the $20 million salary barrier. You’d think studios would have reconsidered the value of star power. But the bucks didn’t stop there. Tom Hanks is supposed to get $35 million for a Da Vinci Code prequel.

这是一部遭到观众拒绝和批评家嘲讽的电影。但吉姆凯瑞猥亵的黑色幽默与超过2000亿美元的薪水让影片变得声名狼藉。你也许认为电影公司应该重新考虑大牌明星的身价了。但结果并非如此,汤姆汉克斯有望在达芬奇密码的出演中获得3500万美元。

The Passion of the Christ

詹姆斯·卡维泽 James Caviezel / 莫妮卡·贝鲁奇 Monica Bellucci / 罗莎琳达·塞隆坦 Rosalinda Celentano / 美国 / 梅尔 吉布森 (Mel Gibson)

Mel Gibson’s controversial and highly profitable interpretation of the last days of Jesus didn’t just reveal the movie idol’s devotion to religion and bloodletting. It also showed there is a profit to be made from preaching to the faithful, a community that BC (before Christ) was rarely served by Hollywood.

Pretty Woman

Richard Gere / Julia Roberts / 美国 / 加里 马歇尔 (Garry Marshall)

Disney’s only fairy tale about a street walker solidified Julia Roberts’ big-hair, huge-smile mystique and began her run as the industry’s most powerful actress.Roberts, who turns 40 this year, continues to be the incandescent standard against which each new ingénue is measured.

Mission: Impossible III
Tom Cruise 汤姆·克鲁斯 / Eileen Atkins 艾琳·阿特金斯 / Kenneth Branagh 肯尼思·布莱纳格 / Scarlett Johansson 斯嘉丽·约翰逊 / Carrie-Anne Moss 凯莉·安·摩丝 / USA / J.J. Abrams / English

Jumping the couch is the new jumping the shark, thanks to Tom Cruise’s not-quite blockbuster that inadvertently turned into a case study of the harm that erratic behavior can do to a star’s appeal.

Scream

美国 / 韦斯 克雷文 (Wes Craven)

Endless rehashings of teen slashings had sucked the genre dry. But a transfusion of self-referential irony injected hipness into a tired premise.The twist: Scream was stocked with stalked high-schoolers well versed in lame horror conventions. Two sequels and many copycats followed, including the dumbed-down Scary Movie franchise.

Fahrenheit 9/11

小布什 / 美国 / 麦克 摩尔 (Michael Moore) / 英语

Michael Moore’s Bush attack couldn’t halt the president’s re-election. But his diatribe grossed almost $120 million, a record for documentaries, and made the genre safe for mass consumption.

麦克摩尔对布什的攻击并未阻挠到总统选举。但他的诽谤却带来了1.2亿美元的票房收入,打破了纪录片的票房记录,并使安全类型的影片题材成为大众的消费品。

Total Recall

Arnold Schwarzenegger / Sharon Stone / 美国 / 保罗 弗豪依文 (Paul Verhoeven)

Most would look to the first two Terminators as the sci-fi outings that molded Arnold Schwarzenegger’s multiplex muscle. But in this stylish exercise in violent excess directed by ever-canny Paul Verhoeven, Arnie exhibited real acting skill in a dual role.

El Mariachi

Carlos Gallardo / Peter Marquardt / 墨西哥 / 美国 / 罗伯特 罗德里格斯 (Robert Rodriguez)

The catalyst for an el cheapo revolution. Robert Rodriguez spent just $7,000 to shoot this Spanish-language action thriller.The Sundance hit grossed $2 million, spawned two sequels and led to such low-budget landmarks as Clerks.

这是场低成本电影的革命。Robert Rodriguez 仅花了7000美元拍摄这部西班牙语的动作惊险片。Sundance收入达2百万,产生了两种结局并使它成为象影片《Clerks》这样低成本电影的里程碑。

卧虎藏龙

周潤發 / 楊紫瓊 / 章子怡 / 中国大陆 / 香港 / 台湾 / 李安 (Ang Lee) / 國語

Who’s afraid of subtitles? Not fans of this poignant Chinese fable about a stolen sword, which mixed star-crossed lovers with gravity-defying martial artistry. The most successful foreign-language film ever, grossing $128.1 million, and the most Oscar-nominated (10).

谁担心看不懂对白?绝不是这部讲述偷剑的中国传奇故事的粉丝们,它混合了不幸的恋人与失重的武打艺术。这是部最成功的外语电影,获得了1.281亿美元的票房,并且也获得了奥斯卡最多的提名(10).

The Matrix

Keanu Reeves / Laurence Fishburne / Carrie-Anne Moss / 美国 / Andy & Larry Wachowski / 英文

The first sci-fi thriller that felt like a portal into a 21st-century mind-set. The Wachowski brothers melded new (hacker culture, time-freezing action moves) with old (Buddhism, Lewis Carroll) for a cool high-tech aesthetic.

这个首部科幻惊险片很像是进入21世纪精神世界的入口。Wachowski兄弟混合了新的(黑客文化、时间冻结动作电影)和旧的(佛教、刘易斯·卡洛斯)东西形成了一种冷高科技美学。

Goodfellas

罗伯特·德尼罗(Robert De Niro) / Ray Liotta / 乔·佩西(Joe Pesci) / 美国 / 马丁·斯科西斯(Martin Scorsese) / 英语 / 意大利语

The Departed? Fuggedaboutit. Martin Scorsese deserved an Oscar for this Mob classic, subbing the grandeur of The Godfather with the grubbiness of lowly sociopaths. The Sopranos would have been in the dark without it.

Saving Private Ryan

Tom Hanks / 美国 / 史蒂文 斯皮尔伯格 (Steven Spielberg)

Not only did Steven Spielberg’s D-Day epic open a dialogue between generations about the harrowing events of World War II, but few sequences have depicted the horror and chaos of combat as authentically as the landings at Omaha Beach.

史蒂文·斯皮尔伯格这部关于盟军登陆日(D-Day)的史诗巨片不仅开启了几代人关于二战悲惨事件的对话,而且真实地描述了欧玛哈海滩登陆时恐怖、混乱、无序的战争场面。

Star Wars: Episode I - The Phantom Menace
Star Wars: EpisodeI-III/ 星际大战系列
美国 / 乔治 卢卡斯 (George Lucas)

The reptilian embarrassment of Jar Jar Binks and oak-like emoting by Hayden Christensen as headstrong Jedi warrior Anakin Skywalker detracted from what was an achievement in effects (Yoda unbound!), digital filmmaking and pure iconography.Not up to the thrills of the original trilogy, especially without Harrison Ford as Han Solo. But time might prove kinder than critics.

Sex, Lies and Videotape

Andie MacDowell(安迪 麦克道尔) / Laura San Giacomo(劳拉 桑 吉亚科莫) / James Spader(詹姆斯 斯派德) / 美国 / Steven Soderbergh / 英语 / 西班牙语

The fallout from this voyeuristic study of tangled relationships in camcorder-saturated times went beyond being one of the first breakouts of the Sundance Film Festival. The $1.2 million drama that grossed $25 million gave birth to a mightier Miramax, Steven Soderbergh and the indie gold rush.

这部讲述偷窥癖通过录像研究人之间复杂关系的影片远不仅限于是第一部在圣丹斯电影节上突围而出的电影。120万美元的投入换来2500万收入诞生了Miramax, Steven Soderbergh以及带来了独立影片的热潮。

凯文·科斯特纳 kevin costner / 惠特尼·休斯顿 Whitney Houston / 美国 / 米克 杰克逊 (Mick Jackson)

What set this formulaic showbiz opera apart was its knockout soundtrack topped by Whitney Houston’s soaring I Will Always Love You. It sold 17 million copies, bumped Saturday Night Fever as the No. 1 all-time film soundtrack and showed how to squeeze big money from a so-so movie.

让这部俗套的电影出众的是惠特妮休斯顿那首高昂的“I Will Always Love You”电影配乐。它销售量达到了1700万,而特别是那首“Saturday Night Fever” 单曲创造了电影配乐的第一名,这显示了一部平平的电影如何带来大笔钱的手段。

荣誉、悲伤和丑行——近25年来25个最重大的事件(第12期)

从泰格·伍兹出道到乔丹时代的结束,从篮球场上的类固醇到溜冰场上的伎俩,USA TODAY把这些近25年来发生在体育界里最重大的事件和丑行摘录出来,一起回顾一下支配这近1/4个世纪体育历史的一页里,那些最耀眼的明星和备受争议的事件:

1 Red Sox Win World Series

It took 86 years, included insufferable losses to the hated New York Yankees and monumental gaffes seemingly replayed constantly, but the Fenway Park faithful finally danced in the streets when their beloved Boston Red Sox won the 2004 World Series in a sweep of the St. Louis Cardinals. Manny Ramirez, David Ortiz, Curt Schilling, et al., ended the agony that tormented Ted Williams, Carl Yastrzemski, Luis Tiant, et al. And who knows? This could be their year, too!

USA TODAY

2 Ripken breaks record

On Sept. 6, 1995, with President Clinton in attendance, Oriole Park at Camden Yards rocked when native son Cal Ripken Jr. broke the ironman record of 2,130 consecutive games played set by the Iron Horse, Lou Gehrig. With a home run for good measure, and a midgame romp around the field, Ripken helped restore luster to a sport torn apart by the 1994-95 players strike and subsequent owners lockout. The streak of 2.632 consecutive games played ran from May 30, 1982 to Sept. 19, 1998. Ripken enters the Hall of Fame on July 29.

AP

3 Tiger wins first Masters

In the Deep South, at a club whose members do not look like him, on a hallowed course where legends Jones, Hogan, Nicklaus and Palmer carved out shots for history, Tiger Woods earned a victory �for the ages� in winning the green jacket in 1997 at The Masters in Augusta, Ga. The game of golf has not looked the same since.

AP

4 Villanova upsets Georgetown

The No. 1-seeded Georgetown Hoyas were overwhelming favorites to successfully defend their 1984 NCAA men�s basketball title when they met No. 8-seeded Villanova on April Fools� Day. The Hoyas� senior superstar center, Patrick Ewing, only months later would become the first pick of the NBA draft. But Ed Pinckney, Dwayne McClain, Harold Pressley, Harold Jensen, Gary McLain and teammates hit 79% of their shots, including 90% in the second half, under the direction of animated coach Rollie Massimino. The Wildcats won 66-64 and remain the lowest-seeded NCAA men�s champion.

AP

5 BALCO-steroids in baseball

The celebration of ballooning home -run figures from the last decade of the 20th century into the early years of the 21st gives way to the dirty little secret of untested ballplayers taking advantage of substances boosting their natural talents. The innocence of the nation�s pastime devolves into the steroid era.

Michael Madrid, USA TODAY

6 1998 home run chase

In hindsight, the world followed the mammoth marathon to immortality through rose-colored glasses. Mark McGwire, a playful giant of a man, and Sammy Sosa, whose hop out of the batter�s box signaled another long ball smacked, battled through the summer to surpass Roger Maris� season record of 61 homers set in 1961. McGwire does it first and finishes as the leader with 70; Sosa hits 66.

7 N.C. State upsets Houston

Jim Valvano in a daze, trying to find someone to hug, is as unforgettable an image as Lorenzo Charles, moments earlier, dunking after grabbing Dereck Whittenburg�s desperation heave to give North Carolina State the 1983 NCAA men�s basketball title. How improbable was it? N.C. State was the first champion with 10 losses, had lost six of eight in one stretch of the regular season and only qualified for the NCAA tournament by winning the ACC tournament. But the Wolfpack never gave up.

USA TODAY

8 Nicklaus, at 46, wins �86 Masters

He had missed the cut in three of seven tournaments, withdrew from another and hadn�t won a tournament in two years. His last major title was in 1980. But with an 18th (and final) major in sight, the Golden Bear sank a 12-foot putt for eagle at No. 15 in the final round. That brought a smile even to the stoic Nicklaus, whose son Jack was his caddie. �It�s about the only television event (that) when I see it come on television, I actually stop and watch a little bit of it,� Nicklaus says.

9 Magic Johnson retires with HIV

The stunning revelation at a hastily called news conference in November 1991 saddened sports fans worldwide, for this was a man whose enjoyment of the game was so genuine, so uplifting. At the time, it was presumed to be a death sentence. Today, the former Los Angeles Laker, who at 6-9 redefined the point guard position with his exquisite passing, is doing quite well as a part-time analyst on TNT and in partnership with such business giants as Starbucks, Burger King and Cadbury Schweppes as well as running movie theaters, health clubs and real estate development.

10 Pete Rose banned

Baseball�s all-time hits leader (4,256) bet on the game while managing the Cincinnati Reds and accepted a lifetime ban from then-commissioner Bart Giamatti in August 1989. Rose became a pariah, reduced to autograph shows at any and all venues �
except inside a major league park. The player excluded even from consideration for the Hall of Fame denied for almost 15 years that he bet on baseball, then acknowledged it in his January 2004 autobiography.

11 Doug Flutie�s Hail Mary pass

Six seconds to go. Forty-eight yards to a touchdown. Team trailing 45-41 at Miami�s Orange Bowl. That�s what faced the 5-9 quarterback for Boston College on Nov. 23, 1984, when he scrambled and tossed up a prayer. Three receivers and three defenders begin converging toward the end zone, with BC�s Gerard Phelan snagging the catch, cradling the ball as if it were �my firstborn.� Flutie won the Heisman Trophy, and played professionally in the USFL, CFL and NFL until retiring a year ago.

AP

12 Dale Earnhardt�s death

The Intimidator won seven NASCAR championships, had career earnings in excess of $40 million and after 20 attempts captured the Daytona 500 in February 1998. But three years later at Daytona International Speedway, racing in his black No. 3 Chevrolet, gunning it in the final lap and probably realizing teammate Michael Waltrip would finally win his first Daytona 500, Earnhardt slammed into the wall on the final turn while fighting for position. Rescuers had to cut Earnhardt out of the car, but doctors said he had died instantly from head injuries. He was 49.

13 Kirk Gibson walk-off homer

Two outs, bottom of the ninth, man on first for the Los Angeles Dodgers, future Hall of Famer Dennis Eckersley on the mound for the Oakland Athletics. Gibson, soon to be named NL MVP, is summoned to pinch-hit despite hamstring and knee problems. He works the count to 3-2. Jack Buck makes the TV call: �Gibson swings, and a fly ball to deep right field. This is gonna be a home run! Unbelievable! A home run for Gibson! And the Dodgers have won the game 5-4. I don�t believe what I just saw. I don�t believe what I just saw.� Gibson�s only at-bat of the Series sends the Dodgers on their way to winning the championship.

14 U.S. women win �99 World Cup

Before 90,185 at the Rose Bowl, the largest crowd to witness a women�s sporting event, Brandi Chastain beats China goalkeeper Gao Hong for a 5-4 edge in penalty kicks to break the overtime tie and give the USA the soccer title after two hours of play under a broiling sun. Chastain flings off her white uniform jersey, sparkling confetti envelops the field, U.S. players hug and dance and the Chinese graciously applaud the victors. TV ratings were 2 points higher than for the �99 NBA Finals.

15 Bill Buckner error

If only Boston relievers could have held the 5-3 advantage with two outs in the bottom of the 10th inning of Game 6, the 1986 World Series would have been over and the Red Sox would have had their first title since 1918. But Calvin Schiraldi gave up three consecutive singles to make it 5-4. Bob Stanley relieved and threw a wild pitch, allowing in the tying run. Few remember all that. What is remembered: Mookie Wilson�s soft grounder down the first-base line that went underneath the glove and through the legs of sore-ankled Buckner, allowing Ray Knight to score the winning run for the New York Mets, who go on to win and take Game 7. Thus are born endless references to having a �Bill Buckner moment.�

16 Christian Laettner jumper sends Duke into �92 NCAA Final Four

Grant Hill throws the ball three-quarters of the way upcourt. Laettner, at the free throw line, makes the catch, pivots, takes one dribble, fakes right to clear his defender, spins left and shoots the fadeaway � all in less than 2.1 seconds to beat the final buzzer. The 17-foot jumper caps an overtime thriller as Duke beats Kentucky 104-103 in the East Regional final and goes on to successfully defend its �91 NCAA title.

AP

17 Harding-Kerrigan skating scandal

As if women�s figure skating needed more drama, the stage was set for just that at the U.S. Figure Skating Championships a month before the 1994 Winter Olympics. An attack on Kerrigan at practice, masterminded by Harding�s former husband to benefit his wife�s chances of making the team and done with Harding�s knowledge, gripped even the non-sports fan. Kerrigan was awarded a spot on the Olympic team despite being unable to compete in the U.S. championships. She recovered enough to earn the Olympic silver medal and went on to a lucrative career in skating shows. Harding, eighth at the Olympics, served court-ordered community service, dabbled in boxing and became a punch line for comics.

18 Jordan ends first part of NBA career with winning shot vs. Utah

What a wonderful parting shot Jordan left us, hitting the championship-winning basket in June 1998 in presumably his final NBA game. Jordan scored 16 of his 45 points in the fourth quarter of Game 6 as Chicago beat Utah 87-86 for its sixth title in eight years. Only that wasn�t his final shot. Jordan took over management of the Washington Wizards in January 2000, took back the uniform two seasons later as a Wizard � and took a drive out of Washington in May 2003 when he was fired. He�s back in the NBA again, as managing member of basketball operations for Charlotte.

19 Postponed by earthquake

Four minutes into ABC�s setup of Game 3 of the �89 Bay Area World Series at San Francisco�s Candlestick Park, Al Michaels interrupts analyst Tim McCarver. �I�ll tell you what, we�re having an earth—!� he says before the signal gets knocked off the air. More than 60,000 fans and the rest of the city were rocked by the 7.1 earthquake, which collapsed part of the Bay Bridge. Michaels won a News Emmy for his coverage of the earthquake, which left 67 dead and did an estimated $6 billion in property damage. The World Series resumed 10 days later, won in a sweep by Oakland.

20 Ashe has AIDS

On April 8, 1992, in response to a story USA TODAY was preparing, tennis legend and humanitarian Arthur Ashe announced he had contracted AIDS through a blood transfusion. Tennis made Ashe famous, but his work to end apartheid in South Africa and racial injustice around the world is his greater legacy. He died Feb. 6, 1993, after raising awareness of AIDS and the need for research. He was 49.

21 Armstrong wins seven consecutive Tours de France

In 1996, Lance Armstrong was the top-ranked cyclist in the world when he was diagnosed with testicular cancer that had spread to his brain and lungs. Aggressive chemotherapy worked, and in 1999 he began his Tour de France title run that ended in 2005 only by retirement.

Pool

22 O.J. Simpson trial

A Heisman Trophy-winning running back from Southern California. A Hall of Fame career with the NFL�s Buffalo Bills. TV spokesman for Hertz, football analyst for ABC and NBC. As popular an athlete as there was, O.J. Simpson lives in infamy after the 1994 slayings of his ex-wife and her friend. Simpson was found not guilty in the 1995 criminal trial but liable in the subsequent civil trial for $8.5 million in compensatory damages.

23 �94 World Series canceled

The most high-profile strike in professional sports, beginning Aug. 12, 1994, cost baseball fans the ultimate enjoyment to any season � but cost the sport more in lost prestige, trust and adulation. The 232-day strike over issues regarding a salary cap, spanning the 1994 and �95 seasons, was baseball�s eighth work stoppage but the first to wipe out the postseason.

24 Pervasiveness of ESPN

SportsCenter. ESPN2. ESPNews. ESPN Deportes. ESPN Classic. ESPNU. ESPN Radio. ESPN The Magazine. ESPN.com. ESPN Zone. Live NFL draft coverage. Sunday night baseball. ESPYs. Chris Berman. Dick Vitale. Dan Patrick. Stuart Scott. Da-da-da, da-da-da.

25 Gretzky sets NHL scoring record

The Great One, who holds virtually every major offensive record in the NHL, became the all-time leading scorer Oct. 15, 1989, passing Gordie Howe�s 1,850 points as a member of the Los Angeles Kings. Gretzky played nine more seasons, ending with 2,857 points in a 20-year NHL playing career. Gretzky was the leading scorer in 10 seasons, nine times was the MVP and twice the playoff MVP and made 18 consecutive All-Star Game appearances.

难以忘却的人——近25年25个让人感动的人(第10期)

难以忘却的人(Lives of indelible impact

他们闪耀的人生足迹,他们的勇气,令人垂泪。他们是USAToday的The 25专栏选列出的在过去25年中让我们感动的25个人物。很多是知名的人物,还有一些只是在特殊环境下的普通民众而已。很多成了临时的领导人,甚至是英雄,他们的精神充实了我们的生活。

1 9.11的英雄

他们挽救了多条生命。2001年9月11日,当联合航空93次航班的乘客们获悉有三名劫机者蓄意要将飞机撞向高楼后,他们奋起反抗,攻击恐怖分子。他们的飞机坠毁在宾夕法尼亚州尚克斯维尔附近的旷野。在纽约市,数百名消防队员为了挽救人们逃离世贸中心双子座的废墟而献出了他们的生命。

2 纳尔逊·曼德拉

他在监狱里做了25年苦工,是为了他能取消南非种族隔离而进行的激进战斗。在1990年获释后,他寻求和解。88岁的曼德拉,成为他的国家第一个完全民主选举产生的总统。1993年他获得了诺贝尔和平奖。

3 黛安娜公主

“人民的公主”由于她的生活方式和才能与普通民众相连而备受爱戴。她20岁嫁给查尔斯王子,他们童话故事般的婚礼受全世界注目。在她的婚姻生活以离婚结束前,她为王室生育了两位男继承人,他们是威廉和哈里。黛安娜致力于促进缓解艾滋病患者的痛苦以及促进全球土地上地雷的排除。1997年,她36岁时在巴黎死于一场高速的撞车事故。

4 太空飞船挑战者号上的宇航员

1986年数百万的观众亲眼观看了这个令人惊骇的场面:飞船在起飞73秒后爆炸。七个船员全部遇难,其中一名热心的高中老师Christa McAuliffe,他原计划在太空里上两节课的。

5 兰斯·阿姆斯壮

“一切皆有可能”(“Anything is possible” ),他写到。他曾得上了双肿瘤(testicular cancer ),这肿瘤已经扩散至脑部和肺部,但1996年,经过手术和化疗后,他在1999-2005年空前的赢得了环法自行车赛的七连冠。35岁时阿姆斯壮开始成立基金,为癌症治疗和研究筹集资金,钱部分是通过销售印有“坚强活着”的黄丝带而来。

6 克里斯托弗和黛娜·丽芙(Christopher and Dana Reeve)

他饰演过超人,她是他真实生活里的洛伊斯·莱纳(Lois Lane)。1995年当他从马上摔下来并瘫痪时,他们的角色颠倒过来。他们成了勇气的象征,并劝说人们关注脊髓损害。2004年他死于心脉停止,2006年她死于肺癌。他们留有一子,现年14岁。

7 教皇约翰·保罗二世(Pope John Paul II

第一位波兰教皇,他访问过100多个国家,会说多种语言。他常被看作是东欧共产主义告终的鼓动者。他当教皇的26年里,曾为教会所做的坏事公开道歉,如在非洲的奴隶交易中所扮演的角色以及大屠杀中的失职。2005年他死于84岁。

8 莱恩·怀特(Ryan White)

当他因治疗血友病输血从而感染上HIV病毒时,他还是个孩子。1984年他13岁时被确诊为完全艾滋病患者并开始出现了病症。一个乐观的男孩为了能上学而斗争,他指出艾滋病不是“同性恋病”。他18岁时死去。

9 Man at Tiananmen Square

Alone, he stood before tanks at Tiananmen Square during pro-democracy
protests in China in 1989. Video footage showed that when the lead tank
veered left, he did the same, and when it moved forward, he held his
ground. Eventually onlookers pulled him aside. His identity remains
unknown.

据当地法律法规和政策,此项未予翻译。(引自谷歌语)详情参见

10 修女院长特丽莎

有40多年,天主教修道院经管着印度加尔各答一处小型的济贫院,在这里那些垂危的病人会安详的死去。 她又开了一个麻风病人收容所。“我认为上帝与每个人同在。”她说。1979年她获得诺贝尔和平奖,当被问及人类如何能促进和平时,她回答:“回家去并好好爱你的家人。”1997年她死于87岁。

11 奥普拉·温弗瑞Oprah Winfrey)

“当你了解我时,你才理解什么叫做可能”她在本月霍华德大学的毕业典礼致辞上说。出生于贫困之家,儿时备受责骂的她通过脱口秀而功成名就。温弗瑞53岁,位列20世界最富的非裔美国人之首,并以她的读书俱乐部促进了粉丝们的阅读兴趣,以及通过她主演的奥斯卡提名影片《紫色》(The Color Purple)帮助人们去了解性别歧视和种族歧视

12 特瑞·谢维(Terri Schiavo)

1990年在她26岁的时候,突发的心脏停跳使脑部严重受损。最后,她丈夫想要拔掉胃管(feeding tube)以让她死去,而她的父母则争辩说她仍然有意识并且拿出了她看似在微笑的视频录像。双方在法庭和国会上激辩,最后她丈夫获胜,2005年她在管子拔掉后死去。谢维的案件进一步促进了生活的信念。

13 迈克·福克斯(Michael J. Fox)

1991年,这位演员被诊断为帕金森病。在1998年的国会证词之前,由于没做药物治疗,他身体难以控制的痉挛着,显出备受疾病折磨的痛苦。45岁的福克斯因他工作过的电视而多次获得艾美奖和金球奖,也曾为设立基金资助帕金森病症和胚胎干细胞的研究。

14 阿瑟·阿什(Arthur Ashe)

他是位非裔美国人,他以三大满贯赢得了白人网球世界的控制权。他反对南非的种族隔离,或许最值得记住的还是他从容看待不幸的方式。在1988年获悉自己注射了受感染的血浆,从而感染上HIV病毒后,他成了全世界艾滋病受害者的代言人。1993年,他死于艾滋病的恶化。

15 1999的美国女子足球队

她们在美国本土获得世界杯的冠军激励了女孩们的运动热情。Brandi Chastain, 在最后罚球中命中得分后,脱掉她的运动服,露出了运动胸罩,并双膝跪地,双拳紧握成胜利的姿势。“那是瞬间的疯狂”( Momentary insanity),后来她说道。她和队友Mia Hamm、Julie Foudy形成了三角组合。去年每个人都成了妈妈。

16 梅根·坎卡和杰西卡·兰斯福特(Megan Kanka & Jessica Lunsford)

她们的死震惊了我们。这两个女孩,一个7岁一个9岁,于1994年和2005年分别被有前科的性侵犯者强奸并谋杀。为保护其他孩童,各州以及国会通过法律要求性侵犯者登记住址。

17 马蒂·斯特帕尼克(Mattie Stepanek)

3岁时,他开始写诗,描写一个大哥哥如何面对死亡的遭遇,如他一样,那是一个罕见的体态,强健但营养失调。在2004年13岁死之前,他出版了五本诗集,其中三本销量都很好

18 Bono

作为格莱美奖得主爱尔兰摇滚乐队U2的主唱和词作者,他名声在外,但作为一名为非洲和穷困国家资助的行动主义者更受爱戴。他所作的人道主义工作促进了贸易增长,减免了负债以及使人们了解了艾滋病。

19 帕特·题尔曼(Pat Tillman)

他体现了爱国主义精神。911袭击后,他放弃了与NFL(国家队)Arizona Cardinals 数百万美元的合约 加入了军队。他先后服役于伊拉克和阿富汗,2004年在阿富汗遇害。起初,军方宣告他死于两军交火,但经调查发现他被美军误杀。

20 穆罕默德·阿里(Muhammad Ali)

一个热心且三次获得世界重量级冠军的硬汉,65岁的退休拳击手,他致力于包括减轻贫穷和饥饿等人道主义事业。那是一个值得纪念的时刻,1996年当阿里接过了奥林匹亚圣火,患有帕金森病的手摇晃着,点燃了火炬,那火炬照耀着整个赛事。

Getty Images

21 斯蒂夫·欧文(Steve Irwin)

捕鳄者(The Crocodile Hunter)是一个勇敢者的游戏。这位澳大利亚野生动物专家通过和他妻子特里主持的系列电视节目在全世界获得了声誉。去年9月他在大珊瑚(the Great Barrier Reef)潜水时被一只黄貂鱼的脊骨穿胸而亡。

22 杰西卡·麦克鲁尔(Jessica McClure)

她的痛苦牵动着一个国家的心。当1987年她掉进德克萨斯中部的一个井里时才18个月大。营救者抢救58小时把她用一只8英寸的管子救生出来。21岁的麦克鲁尔去年结婚并生了个小女孩。用她高中校长Scott Knippa的话说,“她只是个在知名的姓名下一个普通的人”。

23 代孕儿(“Baby M”)

她是第一位让代孕父母成为受人关注问题的孩子。她真名叫Melissa Stern是William Stern和Mary Beth Whitehead生物学上的孩子,Whitehead是受雇委托怀孕。但当孩子出生后,反悔的Whitehead却拒绝将孩子交给。法院最后将孩子判给了Stern抚养。现在Melissa是乔治华盛顿大学的大三学生。

24 马修·谢巴德(Matthew Shepard)

这个21岁的同志大学生被杀害的事件引起了全国的关注这个令人发指的罪行。1998年十月,他在怀俄明州的一个酒吧里遇到两名男子,随即被殴打,并在把他绑在偏僻地区的木柱上仍下。人们发现他时还一息尚存。全世界的烛光为他守夜,直至5天后过世。

25 埃连·冈萨雷斯(Elian Gonzalez

1999年和其他13个杀死他妈妈的人一起乘一艘小船逃离古巴而遇难时,他才5岁。他住在一个通风管里并被迈阿密的亲戚接济。古巴的父亲希望他能回去,而且司法部长Janet Reno下令他出境。当亲戚阻挠执法时,武装的联邦部队冲破他们的家门,并发现埃连藏在储物柜里。现在他和父亲生活在一起。

漫长的告别——USA Today近25年25个改变(第11期)

USAToday做了一个专栏,叫做“1/4世纪的变化”(A QUARTER-CENTURY OF CHANGES)每周一集一个主题,并在此主题下选列出25个项目,本文是第11周的The long goodbye(漫长的告别)。以下是正文:

自25年前迈克·杰克逊(见图24)发布唱片《颤粟》专辑以来,无论对他还是那种塑料唱片(Vinyl records)(见图5),时代都已经改变了很多。今天,我们一起回顾这25年来我们生活的种种变化,有些东西我们还在用(图4),有些已经不再用了(图6)。或许你不同意我们的这些选择,那么就在usatoday.com上告诉我们,我们也会贴出来。

1 室内吸烟

办公场所曾云集了二手烟民和一手烟民。你或许也一度吸入了这些尾气. 现在情形已经改变,强迫那些吸烟者在外面吸烟,无论雨天和天晴。

2 服务站

找薯条和热狗比找免费的空气或找人清洗你的挡风玻璃更容易,这些都已变成便利店和自助店的服务。想要炸薯条吗?

3 苏维埃的威胁

美国的冷战对手于1991年12月瞬即终结。内部的变化、独立的愿望以及卫星和经济的压力迫使“邪恶帝国”解体。

4 打字机

你桌前的电脑键盘原本是个又笨又吵的设备。把电子模块嵌入键盘里,那才是迄今持续的科技革命所唯一超越的。

5 乙烯唱片

毫不夸张地说,音乐过去很大。在手掌大小的CD出现前,歌曲被灌进乙烯唱片的圆圈中。后来才有了“八轨”(8-tracks)和卡带,但这是后话。

6 新可乐

1985年引进的作为可口可乐旗舰品牌的替代品,新可乐成了一个业绩“空”前的产品。2002年被中断前,新可乐一直作为可口可乐二代来推广的。

7 碳纸

如果你和打字员工作过,你定会熟悉复写纸和肮脏的细丝。以便复印,你需要一大张这种看似紫色的东西。在第三张副本上键入“无虑”(good riddance)字样。

8 盒式视频录像机(Betamax)

Betamax 是20世纪80年代最流行的录像格式。在80年代末,VHS取得胜利。 发生了什么事情?有人说Betamax限制录像时间是其失败的罪魁祸首。

9 电话亭

别扯超人的披风——特别是当他要找个地方来变回窝囊的Clark Kent时。里面装个电话的那种笨重的盒子已经成为过去时了。 抱歉,Clark。

10 含铅汽油

美国环保局(EPA)以危害环境和公众健康为由,使含铅汽油在20世纪90年代中期逐渐退出市场 。把铅混入汽油可以增加它的辛烷含值和提高引擎性能。

11 旋转拨号式电话(Rotary dial phones)

想想一下你的手机,是一个固定物且标有数字的转盘,根据你是拨打本地电话和还是长途电话每次,你需要转动7-10次或更多。Oy。

12 MTV录像

在真人秀和类似节目充斥电视黄金时段前,MTV以成屋录像和那些喜爱他们音乐的VJs(音乐电视节目主持人)铸造了它的地位。那么,谁错过了1984年Nena的99 Luftballoons? 会有人吗?

13 巴尔的摩小马队

1984年,NFL(National Football League, 美国国家足球联盟)的一个基石, 在呜咽中离开了巴尔的摩,变成为印第安纳波利斯小马队。 小马行军乐队依旧存在,甚至在“乌鸦”作战后,存在至1998。

14 Oldsmobiles

2004年4月,最老的装配线退役,是美国汽车市场转向的信号,标志着一个著名品牌的终结。还有已故者: Plymouth (2001) and AMC (1987)。

(注:Oldsmobiles,Plymouth,AMC为美国生产的三种车型)

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15 端庄

无论在电视、广播、互联网又或者在运动场,都可以粗俗。 今天的谈论(discourse)充斥着dis(脏话?)以及优雅的粗口(coarse)。所以无论如何都感谢你能记下来。那我们继续吧。

16 “美国演唱会”

在ABC(美国广播公司)上成为全民性前,电视舞蹈秀,是上世纪50年代费城的一个轰动, 它靠无数次的音乐品味转换活下来。演唱会在1989年结束。

17 饮料拉环

曾经,为了打开饮料罐,你要拉它上面的一个环。在你赤脚走路时,会发现它变成了一个小刀片。附在罐子上的栓子会废掉拉环.

18 西非黑犀牛

12英尺长,3000磅重的犀牛看起来不可能被毁灭。去年夏天,世界自然保护联盟(the World Conservation Union)对它“暂时宣告灭绝”。 谴责非法扑杀。

19 手摇车窗

你的汽车在电子控制之前,你要将窗户打开通一点风就能试一下刺激。不用指尖控制这里,谢谢,摇吧,两下、三下,重复摇。

20 本土奔跑之王

当1961年罗杰‧马立斯(Roger Maris)跨过Babe Ruth的季度记录后,它夺得一个记录和星标。 他已经被Mark McGwire (70) 于1998 和Barry Bonds (73) 于2001超越. 还有更多的星标会产生吗?

21 头发乐队

音乐:坏极了。头发:糟透了。 80年代后期和90年代早期,对于乐队来说象Poison, Ratt and Cinderella这样的混合型是不可思议的。有些则继续探索,试验皮裤的耐力。

22 晚报

记得骑着自行车的小孩子从未把你的晚报放近你的门廊吗?他搬走了,随着一种生活方式和一个媒体的世界搬走了。 对报纸的读者来说,城市的傍晚变得很孤独。

23 晶体管收音机

iPods之前,手提的选择式音乐传送系统就是晶体管收音机。晶体管能收到人任何当地广播站发出的东西。它是对”quaint(离奇)”最好的定义。

24 Michael Jackson

The Jackson 5让歌手们发展为,怎么说呢,“流行之王”。1982年的《颤栗》卖出无数张唱片。销售随着各种指控和诉讼的到来降下来 。今天,他被认为居住在Bahrain。

25 方块车行(Checker cabs

标成黄色的马拉松计程车——你想想,象那种在电影Taxi Driver里 — 上世纪80年代已停止生产。纽约最后一辆也在1999年报废了。所以那个时代过去了。